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- Why Entheology.org?
Our simple and concise mission statement including information regarding submissions. We pay you for reprint rights on any research paper we'd like to include here at Edoto...just click for details.
- Plants of the Gods
Absolute essential read for anyone interested in sacred entheogens. Includes detailed history and preparation of 97 psychoactive and/or sacred plants.
- Annual Causes of Death in America
The REAL truth is the most sobering statistic.
- Annual Causes of Death in America
The REAL truth is the most sobering statistic.
- Extracting Salvinorin from Salvia Divinorum
This is a concise extraction method for educational purposes only.
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Extremely important information regarding MAOI's, complete with Diet Card.
- Traditional Quid Preparation
Information regarding the traditional praparation of Salvia divinorum for divination by the Mazatecs.
- Pharmacology of Bufotenine
Exhaustive case study regarding Bufotenine, 5-MEO-DMT, and related substances.
- Study on Calea Zacatechichi (Dream Herb)
Calea zacatechichi is a plant of extensive popular medicinal use in Mexico. An infusion of the plant is has been reported to have psychotropic properties that have been clinically-proven to induce dreaming, and increase the frequency of dreams as well.
- In Depth Report Regarding DMT
In this article I wish to draw attention to a strange property of DMT which sets it apart from other psychedelics, namely, it's ability to place users in touch with a realm that is apparently inhabited by discarnate entities of an intelligent nature.
- The Science of Ethnobotany
Ethnobotanists share two decades of experience living with the indigenous peoples of Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia.
- Entheogens and the Future of Religion
The book should prove to be a welcome complement to other serious studies in mysticism (including those that take a fundamentally different tack).
- Tukanoans
The Tukanoans are one of the most known cultures that utilize ayahuasca as their sacrament. They are one of about 70 tribes who share this practice.
- Ayahuasca, shamanism, and curanderismo in the Andes
The term ayahuasca comes from the Quechua, meaning literally "the vine of souls," although it is also called "the visionary vine" or the "vine of death." The folk term refers to the botanical species of liana known as Banisteriopsis Caapi , which is also
- The Santo Daime Religion
In this paper, the reader will be introduced to the sect of Santo Daime, a Brazilian religion which combines Christianity with the indigenous practice of using ayahuasca, a native entheogenic plant.
- Santo Daime Church Wins Court Case
Freedom of Religion versus the Psychotropic Substance Treaty - The Verdict
- Ayahuasca: Human Consciousness and the Spirits of Nature
Anything with the name Ralph Metzner even remotely attached to it is a safe buy. An elder statesman responsible for dramatic shifts in consciousness within this nation and throughout the world...
- DMT: The Spirit Moecule
Covering a groundbreaking psychedelic substance that is actually found in human cerebrospinal fluid, Rick Strassman tells a first-person story of his research on the profoundly mysterious substance dimethltryptamine (DMT).
- The World As You Dream It: Shamanic Teachings from the Amazon and Andes
John has done a lot to honor and preserve the indigenous teachings and the ethnobotanical environment.
- Shapeshifting: Shamanic Techniques for Global and Personal Transformation
John has done a lot to honor and preserve the indigenous teachings and the ethnobotanical environment.
- Canada to Decriminalize Cannabis
The Liberal government is preparing to move ahead in the new year with legislation to decriminalize marijuana, Justice Minister Martin Cauchon said yesterday.
- Solubility of Active Components – Quick Guide
Brief discussion on active components of plants and whether they were traditionally extracted into alcohol, water, or other solvents.
- Amanita Muscaria
This mushroom could very well be human's oldest hallucinogen, as it has been identified as Soma of ancient India.
- Anadenanthera - Yopo, Cebil, Villca
YOPO or PARICA (Anadenanthera peregrina or Piptadenia peregrina) is a South American tree of the bean family, Leguminosae. A potent hallucinogenic snuff is prepared from the seeds of this tree.
- Anadenanthera peregrina - Yopo
Under Construction.
- Argyreia nervosa - Hawaiian Baby Woodrose
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose seeds are perhaps one of the least understood of modern-day entheogens and exotic botanicals. There is much controversy in regards to its true place in Shamanic and traditional history outside of its native culture and home; India.
- Argyreia nervosa - Hawaiian Baby Woodrose
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose seeds are perhaps one of the least understood of modern-day entheogens and exotic botanicals. There is much controversy in regards to its true place in Shamanic and traditional history outside of its native culture and home; India.
- Banisteriopsis caapi - Ayahuasca
Used in the western half of the Amazon Valley and by isolated tribes on the Pacific slopes of the Columbian and Ecuadorian Andes.
- Brugmansia aurea - Golden Angel's Trumpet
Under Construction.
- Brugmansia sanguinea - Blood-Red Angel's Trumpet
Under Construction.
- Brunfelsia grandiflora - Brunfelsia
Under Construction.
- Caesalpina sepiaria - Yun Shih
This plant was reputedly used in China as hallucinogen, this is nearly all we know about this plant.
- Calea zacatechichi - Dream Herb
Calea zacatechichi is a plant used by the Chontal Indians of Mexico to obtain divinatory messages during dreaming.
- Cannabis sativa - Marijuana
The original home of Cannabis is thought to be central Asia, but it has spread around the globe with the exception of Arctic regions and areas of wet tropical forests.
- Areca catechu - Betel Nut
Betel nuts have been used as a drug for thousands of years. The practiced is thought to have started in south-east Asia and there is archaeological evidence to support this view.
- Amazon's Green Gold
Biotechnology firms, pharmaceutical corporations, laboratories and university researchers are scouring the Amazon rainforest in a profit-driven pursuit. Seeking the Amazon’s “green gold,” they are turning to local indigenous groups to gain access to t
- Cannabis: "The Aspirin of the 21st Century?"
Cannabis, the third most popular recreational drug after alcohol and tobacco, could win a new role as the aspirin of the 21st century, with growing evidence that its compounds may protect the brain against the damaging effects of ageing.
- False Alarm: Kava Not Toxic to Liver
A meta-analysis of all clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of Kava, supports Kava’s beneficial effects in treating anxiety, without any reported cases of liver toxicity.
- Shadows in the Sun
Renowned anthropologist Wade Davis shows us how preserving the diversity of the world's cultures and spiritual beliefs is just as important as preserving our endangered plants, insects, and animals. This essay focuses on an ayahuasca ceremony.
- Indigenous Cultures from Yesterday to Today
Shamanism is a very important part of the essence of the wisdom of the Indian. If we truly want to understand what it consists of to know our indigenous peoples we should learn to look beyond the simple phenomena that is produced by the customs, artistic
- The Drug War Is The Inquisition
Racism, of course, was originally a form of anti-tribalism, driven by the economic value of enslavement. We are no longer overtly racist, in our public laws at least, but we are still politically driven by industrial power centers, still brutally anti-t
- U.S. Backs Colombia on Attacking SUSPECTED Drug Planes
Such a policy, which has been criticized by human rights groups, was suspended in Colombia and Peru after a Peruvian jet fighter mistakenly shot down a private plane carrying American missionaries, killing two people, one an infant, in 2001.
- Medical Marijuana Slowly Gains Ground
For hundreds of years, marijuana has been used to treat a wide variety of illnesses. But the herb has been illegal throughout the modern era of scientific medical research. Patients swear the drug works to relieve pain, prevent seizures, and counteract th
- Medical Marijuana Slowly Gains Ground
For hundreds of years, marijuana has been used to treat a wide variety of illnesses. But the herb has been illegal throughout the modern era of scientific medical research. Patients swear the drug works to relieve pain, prevent seizures, and counteract th
- America Destroying Coca Cultures
There has been rioting in Bolivia for nearly four weeks now. News reports say that the riots have been over the construction of a pipeline to ship natural gas to the United States. That's true, but there's a deeper anger at work: anger toward the United S
- America Destroying Coca Cultures
There has been rioting in Bolivia for nearly four weeks now. News reports say that the riots have been over the construction of a pipeline to ship natural gas to the United States. That's true, but there's a deeper anger at work: anger toward the United S
- Marijuana Causes AND Prevents Pregnancy!
In the latest round of contradictions, in addition to causeing the destruction of our rainforests and the rest of the planet, the ONDCP now says that marijuana use both prevents AND causes teen pregnancy simultaneously! - WOW!
- Marijuana Causes AND Prevents Pregnancy!
In the latest round of contradictions, in addition to causeing the destruction of our rainforests and the rest of the planet, the ONDCP now says that marijuana use both prevents AND causes teen pregnancy simultaneously! - WOW!
- Bush Making Drug Cartels Wealthy
Terrifying reports from Afganistan point to an even more dismal possibility for the future of Iraq, all at the hands of the administration that has stepped up the dismally failed War on Drugs now targeting the sick and the dying.
- Garden of Eden - Day 1
No sooner had God created Adam and put him in Eden than God began to contradict himself. He told Adam that he could eat from all the trees of the garden. ALL the trees. Then God said, “Nevertheless, you can’t eat from the tree of knowledge of good and
- Garden of Eden - Day 1
No sooner had God created Adam and put him in Eden than God began to contradict himself. He told Adam that he could eat from all the trees of the garden. ALL the trees. Then God said, “Nevertheless, you can’t eat from the tree of knowledge of good and
- Vatican Combats Threat of 'Alternative' Religions
Catholics from more than 25 countries are in Rome this week to hammer out a strategy for combating the threat posed to Christianity by "New Age" religions and fads.
- Vatican Combats Threat of 'Alternative' Religions
Catholics from more than 25 countries are in Rome this week to hammer out a strategy for combating the threat posed to Christianity by "New Age" religions and fads.
- Utah High Court OKs Non-Indian Peyote Use
SALT LAKE CITY (AP) - The Utah Supreme Court ruled Tuesday that non-American Indian members of the Native American Church can use peyote in religious ceremonies.
- Utah High Court OKs Non-Indian Peyote Use
SALT LAKE CITY (AP) - The Utah Supreme Court ruled Tuesday that non-American Indian members of the Native American Church can use peyote in religious ceremonies.
- Supreme Court to Hear Appeal on Hallucinogenic Tea
The U.S. Supreme Court said on Monday it would decide whether the federal government must allow the U.S. branch of a Brazilian-based religion to import a hallucinogenic tea for use as a sacrament.
- Supreme Court to Hear Appeal on Hallucinogenic Tea
The U.S. Supreme Court said on Monday it would decide whether the federal government must allow the U.S. branch of a Brazilian-based religion to import a hallucinogenic tea for use as a sacrament.
- NOT SO DOPEY
The active ingredient of cannabis may protect against heart disease and strokes. In fact, marijuana's ability to relieve the symptoms of multiple sclerosis and AIDS, among other diseases, is pretty well agreed by
patients, if not by the medical establis
- NOT SO DOPEY
The active ingredient of cannabis may protect against heart disease and strokes. In fact, marijuana's ability to relieve the symptoms of multiple sclerosis and AIDS, among other diseases, is pretty well agreed by
patients, if not by the medical establis
- NOT SO DOPEY
The active ingredient of cannabis may protect against heart disease and strokes. In fact, marijuana's ability to relieve the symptoms of multiple sclerosis and AIDS, among other diseases, is pretty well agreed by
patients, if not by the medical establis
- Amazonian Shamanism Conference
The Church, "Soga del Alma" - "Vine of the Soul" - organizes a Conference for those interested in Amazonian shamanism and ceremonies managed by authentic Amazonian curandero(a)s will also be made available.
- Should 'Sally D' Be Made Illegal?
There are plenty of herbal plants, such as Saint-John's-wort or morning glory, that contain emotion-altering compounds. But Salvia divinorum, known in the streets as Sally D, is making bigger legal waves on account of its short-term side effects, which so
- Should 'Sally D' Be Made Illegal?
There are plenty of herbal plants, such as Saint-John's-wort or morning glory, that contain emotion-altering compounds. But Salvia divinorum, known in the streets as Sally D, is making bigger legal waves on account of its short-term side effects, which so
- Prince Charles Hopeful of End to Kava Ban
PRINCE Charles is hopeful that the export ban on Fiji's traditional drink will be lifted in the near future. This was relayed by Foreign Affairs Minister Kaliopate Tavola after a brief conversation with the Prince of Wales on Thursday.
- Prince Charles Hopeful of End to Kava Ban
PRINCE Charles is hopeful that the export ban on Fiji's traditional drink will be lifted in the near future. This was relayed by Foreign Affairs Minister Kaliopate Tavola after a brief conversation with the Prince of Wales on Thursday.
- Anti-Drug Gains in Colombia Don't Reduce Flow to U.S.
Five years and $3 billion into the most aggressive counternarcotics operation ever here, American and Colombian officials say they have eradicated a record-breaking million acres of coca plants, yet cocaine remains as available as ever on American streets
- Anti-Drug Gains in Colombia Don't Reduce Flow to U.S.
Five years and $3 billion into the most aggressive counternarcotics operation ever here, American and Colombian officials say they have eradicated a record-breaking million acres of coca plants, yet cocaine remains as available as ever on American streets
- Canada Approves Cannabis Spray
Canada became the first nation Tuesday to approve a pharmaceutical prescription spray derived from the cannabis plant, a move that could shift the medical marijuana debate in the U.S.
- Canada Approves Cannabis Spray
Canada became the first nation Tuesday to approve a pharmaceutical prescription spray derived from the cannabis plant, a move that could shift the medical marijuana debate in the U.S.
- IAmShaman Shop Acquires Kona Kava Farm
The Ethnobotanical Superstore www.IAmShaman.com has purchased Kona Kava Farm in Hawaii as a way to expand their product line into standard and unique Kava Kava products that the market has never seen before. With the recent lift of the ban by the FDA, an
- Pot Smoking Not Linked to Lung Cancer
People who smoke marijuana do not appear to be at increased risk for developing lung cancer, new research suggests.
- Major Win for Medical Marijuana
A San Diego Superior Court this week handed a critical victory to medical marijuana patients nationwide, affirming the ability of states to exempt qualified patients from criminal penalties, despite federal policy that prohibits all marijuana use.
- Major Win for Medical Marijuana
A San Diego Superior Court this week handed a critical victory to medical marijuana patients nationwide, affirming the ability of states to exempt qualified patients from criminal penalties, despite federal policy that prohibits all marijuana use.
- The Nation’s Borders, Now Guarded by the Net
Mike Milne, a spokesman for the Customs and Border Protection agency in Seattle, said, "If you are or have ever been a drug user, that's one of the many things that can make you inadmissible to the United States. Mr. Feldmar said, "I should warn people t
- College Students Less Religious & More Spiritual
Students are becoming more open-minded in their beliefs, leaving organized religions, but growing more spiritual in their search for meaning in the world around them.
- College Students Less Religious & More Spiritual
Students are becoming more open-minded in their beliefs, leaving organized religions, but growing more spiritual in their search for meaning in the world around them.
- Absinthe - Green Fairy - Wormwood
Celebrate the lifting of the 100-year ban on absinthe, and discover why this drink has become so infamous the world-over, and find out for yourself why this plant was the favorite of so many artists througout history.
- Debunking the Hemp Conspiracy
Pot isn't illegal because the paper industry is afraid of competing with hemp -- it's because of racism and the culture wars.
- Debunking the Hemp Conspiracy
Pot isn't illegal because the paper industry is afraid of competing with hemp -- it's because of racism and the culture wars.
- Berkeley Declares Itself Sanctuary For Medical Pot
The City of Berkley, CA, resolves to guarantee continued access to medical marijuana, under increasing pressure from the DEA.
- States Must Tackle Medical-Marijuana Issue
Workplace Safety is made key issue in Northwest States' Medical Marijuana Initiatives
- Making Pot Legal: We Can Do It -- Here's How
Changing public opinion about pot isn't easy. Changing America's anti-pot laws is even harder -- here's a blueprint to get it done.
- Making Pot Legal: We Can Do It -- Here's How
Changing public opinion about pot isn't easy. Changing America's anti-pot laws is even harder -- here's a blueprint to get it done.
- Moses High On Drugs: Isreali Researcher
New study examines the possible use of psychoactive plants by Moses on Mt. Sanai, and in the religious rites of biblical times.
- Moses High On Drugs: Isreali Researcher
New study examines the possible use of psychoactive plants by Moses on Mt. Sanai, and in the religious rites of biblical times.
- Ira Glasser Remembers William F. Buckley, Jr.
William F. Buckley, Jr., conservative intellectual--and supporter of drug policy reform--passed away February 27, 2008. He is remembered by Ira Glasser, president of DPA's board and former executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union.
- Narcotics Control Board Destroying Coca Cultures
In a culturally insensitive and irrational move, the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) has called for the governments of Bolivia and Peru to abolish all uses of the coca leaf, including coca leaf chewing.
- Narcotics Control Board Destroying Coca Cultures
In a culturally insensitive and irrational move, the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) has called for the governments of Bolivia and Peru to abolish all uses of the coca leaf, including coca leaf chewing.
- Outrageous Anti-Pot Lies: Media Uses Cancer Scare Tactics
Headlines suggested a study proved pot is a greater cancer risk than tobacco -- but the media didn't even wait for the report to be released.
- Peyote (Lophophora williamsii)
Peyote (Lophophora williamsii grows in South-Eastern America and in northern regions of Mexico. In Mexico, peyote has been used for divination in shamanic rituals and in the treatment of ailments for at least 10,000 years.
- Tagetes lucida - Marigolds
Tagetes lucida, widely identified as a powerfully psychoactive strain of the marigold flower, was first documented by the Aztecs. They used Tagetes lucida in their ritual incense they referred to as yyauhtl. This name was derived from the Aztecan word uja
- Salvia Divinorum Creates Catch-22
Florida follows the lead of eight other states and considers ban on Salvia divinorum.
- White Lotus - Nymphaea ampla
The effects of the flower when prepared as a tea or decoction and ingested are said to be much like the opiate apomorphine. White lotus actually contains aporphine, which is closely related to apomorphine, differing only in the lack of two hydroxyl group
- Passiflora - Passion Flower
The psychoactive properties of the Passiflora genus as a whole is still awaiting thorough ethnopharmacological study, however there are several species that have a rich history as entheogens.
- Yohimbe - Pausinystalia yohimba
In addition to its sexual stimulant and aphrodisiac qualities, the bark of the yohimbe tree has been reported to also be hallucinogenic when smoked. The psychoactive effects are primarily due to the main active constituent yohimbine. Yohimbine has sympath
- Withania somnifera - Ashwagandha
Widely used back in Mesopotamia for its medicinal and narcotic properties, this member of the Nightshade Family, was well known in ancient Egypt and characterized and classified as a sakrân intoxicant in Old Arabic.
- Massachusetts Aims For Marijuana Decriminalization in November
Thanks to a carefully-crafted initiative campaign by the Committee for Sensible Marijuana Policy (CSMP), Massachusetts may be the next state to take the step to decriminalize marijuana.
- Santo Daime: The Drug-Fuelled Religion
A new religion is spreading to Britain - its central sacrament the consumption of a hallucinogenic ayahuasca. This report is from inside the faith's heartland, the rainforests of the Amazon.
- Santo Daime: The Drug-Fuelled Religion
A new religion is spreading to Britain - its central sacrament the consumption of a hallucinogenic ayahuasca. This report is from inside the faith's heartland, the rainforests of the Amazon.
- Ken Kesey's Mexico - On the Lam With Ken Kesey
Journalist Lawrence Downes goes down Mexico way in an attempt to conjure the trail blazed by Ken Kesey, novelist, psychedelic prophet and hero of “The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, along with his band of Merry Pranksters in the 1960s.
- Ancient Shamanic Solutions
Cultural anthropologist and author, Dr. John Broomfield, studies ancient shamanic cultures and applies ancient wisdom to modern-day solutions.
- Ancient Shamanic Solutions
Cultural anthropologist and author, Dr. John Broomfield, studies ancient shamanic cultures and applies ancient wisdom to modern-day solutions.
- LSD, Ketamine & Cannabis Could Treat Headaches to Diabetes
Doctors and researchers in the US and across Europe are studying legitimate therapeutic applications of psychedelic drugs with new science set to prove their case.
- LSD, Ketamine & Cannabis Could Treat Headaches to Diabetes
Doctors and researchers in the US and across Europe are studying legitimate therapeutic applications of psychedelic drugs with new science set to prove their case.
- Marijuana May Prevent Cancer, Not Cause It
Clinical research begins to demonstrate a link between Cannabinoids and halting the spread of a wide range of cancers.
- LSD Helped Forge Alex Grey's Spiritual, Artistic and Love Lives
Interview with artist Alex Grey explores his use of psychotropic drugs and their influence on his art, his spirituality, and his life.
- Ayurvedic 'Viagra' To Be Tested On Humans
Researchers in India are studying the effects of Ayurveda herbal medicines for treatment of erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation.
- Salvia Divinorum: Old Psychedelic Drug, New Appeal
The hallucinogenic herb Salvia divinorum can be purchased online or at a local head shop. While the DEA and others want to limit its use, scientists say making it a controlled substance would hinder research.
- Salvia Divinorum: Old Psychedelic Drug, New Appeal
The hallucinogenic herb Salvia divinorum can be purchased online or at a local head shop. While the DEA and others want to limit its use, scientists say making it a controlled substance would hinder research.
- Brain's Reaction To Potent Hallucinogen Salvia Explored
U.S. Department of Energy is conducting new brain-imaging studies on animals, documenting the effects of Salvia divinorum on the brain.
- Brain's Reaction To Potent Hallucinogen Salvia Explored
U.S. Department of Energy is conducting new brain-imaging studies on animals, documenting the effects of Salvia divinorum on the brain.
- Trip Of A Lifetime: How LSD Rocked The World
A comprehensive overview of the life and work of Albert Hoffman, the bicycling Swiss chemist who created LSD - it explores the trailblazing, mind-altering legacy he left behind after his death on Tuesday, April 29, 2008, at the age of 102.
- Trip Of A Lifetime: How LSD Rocked The World
A comprehensive overview of the life and work of Albert Hoffman, the bicycling Swiss chemist who created LSD - it explores the trailblazing, mind-altering legacy he left behind after his death on Tuesday, April 29, 2008, at the age of 102.
- New Medical Trials Study Therapeutic Uses of LSD
A new Swiss research study of LSD as a therapy is the first in 36 years. The clinical trials are to determine its usefulness in easing anxiety and relieving pain in patients suffering from illnesses such as cancer and multiple sclerosis.
- The Future of Psychedelics
Author Daniel Pinchbeck discusses the 2008 World Psychedelic Forum held recently in Switzerland, and the potential for studying psychedelic therapies in the shifting world political climate.
- The Shroom Tragedy
Magic mushrooms are on the verge of being outlawed by the Dutch government for the usual sensationalized reasons as everywhere else.
- The Shroom Tragedy
Magic mushrooms are on the verge of being outlawed by the Dutch government for the usual sensationalized reasons as everywhere else.
- Brazil Appeals Court Rules Drug Possession Not a Crime
At the end of March, a Brazilian appeals court in São Paulo declared that possession of drugs for personal use is not a criminal offense. Several lower courts had previously ruled in the same way, but the ruling from the São Paulo Justice Court's 6th Crim
- How the Internet Fuels the Global Psychedelic Community
This year and the next, the United Nations will evaluate the War on Drugs. Since its official start in 1998 we have been bombed with official statistics on drug use, drug addiction, drug trafficking, street prices, courtcases and all the like. But what do
- US Leads World in Substance Abuse, WHO Finds
The United States leads the world in rates of experimenting with marijuana and cocaine despite strict drug laws, World Health Organization researchers said on Tuesday. Countries with looser drug laws have lower rates of abuse, the researchers report in t
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The war on drugs is going badly.
The current and previous presidents of the United States used marijuana. So has presumptive Democratic presidential nominee, Massachusetts Sen. John Kerry.
California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger has admitted to drug use. Radio host Rush Limbaugh, who once beat the drums for jailing white junkies, has been through drug treatment.
Some 75,000 Californians now use marijuana under a doctor's care. The U.S.
Supreme Court let stand a 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruling barring Uncle Sam from punishing doctors who prescribe medical marijuana under state law.
The same 9th Circuit Court in California has allowed defendants to introduce evidence that they were growing marijuana for medical purposes.
San Francisco is considering creating nonprofit marijuana cooperatives.
Maryland Gov. Robert L. Ehrlich, a Republican, signed legislation slashing the punishment for medical use of marijuana. Connecticut is moving to legalize medical pot.
A state court recently affirmed the constitutional right of Alaskans to grow marijuana at home. Alaskans will vote this year on an initiative to legalize personal pot use.
The Netherlands allows personal possession and cannabis coffee shops. Spain no longer arrests recreational users; Portugal and Luxembourg have decriminalized marijuana consumption.
Belgium permits the medical use of marijuana and is considering allowing citizens to grow small amounts of pot. Local authorities in France and Germany decide whether to arrest cannabis users.
In Britain, most pot users are now warned rather than arrested. A police chief has called for legalizing heroin. The British Department of Health is nearing final approval of a marijuana inhaler for medical purposes.
Australia, New Zealand, and Switzerland all are debating relaxing their marijuana laws. Canada provides marijuana through its health-care program, plans to make pot available in pharmacies and has proposed to decriminalize pot consumption.
Why toss pot smokers in jail while tolerating use of alcohol and cigarettes? People should abstain from all of them, but they should not be imprisoned if they do not.
Some of Limbaugh's conservative defenders argued that an addiction arising from an illness deserved special dispensation. If so, people using marijuana as medicine also warrant compassionate treatment.
For instance, Angel McClary Raich of Oakland smokes marijuana to combat nausea resulting from her treatment for brain cancer.
"The alternatives have been ineffective or result in intolerable side effects," says her physician, Dr. Frank Lucido.
Teddy Hiteman of Henderson, Nev., suffers from multiple sclerosis.
"Medicinal pot has been a godsend," she says.
Michael Ferrucci of Livermore has lung and testicular cancer. Marijuana "has been far more beneficial to me than other medications they have recommended to me," he says.
The American Medical Association Council on Scientific Affairs has reported that "anecdotal, survey, and clinical data" demonstrate marijuana's medical usefulness. The National Institutes of Health stated that "Marijuana looks promising enough to recommend that there be new controlled studies done."
Groups ranging from the American Cancer Society to Kaiser Permanente support access to or research on medical marijuana.
In one survey, more than 70 percent of American cancer specialists said they would prescribe marijuana if it was legal. A poll of the British Medical Association yielded similar results.
The New England Journal of Medicine has backed access to medical marijuana.
Last year, the British medical magazine Lancet Neurology pointed out that marijuana had proved effective against pain in lab tests and could become "the aspirin of the 21st century." A recent issue of The Harvard Brain journal reported: "Cannabis may also slow down the neurodegenerative processes that ultimately lead to chronic disability in multiple sclerosis and probably other diseases."
Allowing the medical use of marijuana doesn't even prevent the government from punishing recreational users. The General Accounting Office concluded "that medical marijuana laws have had little impact on their law enforcement activities."
Candidate George W. Bush said, "I believe each state can choose" what to do about medical marijuana. But under President Bush, reports Dean Murphy of The New York Times: "Federal agents have raided farms where medicinal marijuana is grown, closed cooperatives where it is distributed and threatened to punish doctors who discussed it with their patients."
Sadly, drug warriors are more interested in punishing drug users who threaten no one than in aiding the sick and dying.
The drug war has failed. The drug laws pose a far greater threat to public health and safety than does drug abuse. Drug use should be treated as a medical and moral issue, not a criminal one.
Source: San Diego Union Tribune (CA) Webpage: http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20040513/news_lz4e13bandow.html Copyright: 2004 Union-Tribune Publishing Co. Contact: letters@uniontrib.com Website: http://www.uniontrib.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/386 Author: Doug Bandow |