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- Why Entheology.org?
Our simple and concise mission statement including information regarding submissions. We pay you for reprint rights on any research paper we'd like to include here at Edoto...just click for details.
- Plants of the Gods
Absolute essential read for anyone interested in sacred entheogens. Includes detailed history and preparation of 97 psychoactive and/or sacred plants.
- Annual Causes of Death in America
The REAL truth is the most sobering statistic.
- Annual Causes of Death in America
The REAL truth is the most sobering statistic.
- Extracting Salvinorin from Salvia Divinorum
This is a concise extraction method for educational purposes only.
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Extremely important information regarding MAOI's, complete with Diet Card.
- Traditional Quid Preparation
Information regarding the traditional praparation of Salvia divinorum for divination by the Mazatecs.
- Pharmacology of Bufotenine
Exhaustive case study regarding Bufotenine, 5-MEO-DMT, and related substances.
- Study on Calea Zacatechichi (Dream Herb)
Calea zacatechichi is a plant of extensive popular medicinal use in Mexico. An infusion of the plant is has been reported to have psychotropic properties that have been clinically-proven to induce dreaming, and increase the frequency of dreams as well.
- In Depth Report Regarding DMT
In this article I wish to draw attention to a strange property of DMT which sets it apart from other psychedelics, namely, it's ability to place users in touch with a realm that is apparently inhabited by discarnate entities of an intelligent nature.
- The Science of Ethnobotany
Ethnobotanists share two decades of experience living with the indigenous peoples of Central and South America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia.
- Entheogens and the Future of Religion
The book should prove to be a welcome complement to other serious studies in mysticism (including those that take a fundamentally different tack).
- Tukanoans
The Tukanoans are one of the most known cultures that utilize ayahuasca as their sacrament. They are one of about 70 tribes who share this practice.
- Ayahuasca, shamanism, and curanderismo in the Andes
The term ayahuasca comes from the Quechua, meaning literally "the vine of souls," although it is also called "the visionary vine" or the "vine of death." The folk term refers to the botanical species of liana known as Banisteriopsis Caapi , which is also
- The Santo Daime Religion
In this paper, the reader will be introduced to the sect of Santo Daime, a Brazilian religion which combines Christianity with the indigenous practice of using ayahuasca, a native entheogenic plant.
- Santo Daime Church Wins Court Case
Freedom of Religion versus the Psychotropic Substance Treaty - The Verdict
- Ayahuasca: Human Consciousness and the Spirits of Nature
Anything with the name Ralph Metzner even remotely attached to it is a safe buy. An elder statesman responsible for dramatic shifts in consciousness within this nation and throughout the world...
- DMT: The Spirit Moecule
Covering a groundbreaking psychedelic substance that is actually found in human cerebrospinal fluid, Rick Strassman tells a first-person story of his research on the profoundly mysterious substance dimethltryptamine (DMT).
- The World As You Dream It: Shamanic Teachings from the Amazon and Andes
John has done a lot to honor and preserve the indigenous teachings and the ethnobotanical environment.
- Shapeshifting: Shamanic Techniques for Global and Personal Transformation
John has done a lot to honor and preserve the indigenous teachings and the ethnobotanical environment.
- Canada to Decriminalize Cannabis
The Liberal government is preparing to move ahead in the new year with legislation to decriminalize marijuana, Justice Minister Martin Cauchon said yesterday.
- Solubility of Active Components – Quick Guide
Brief discussion on active components of plants and whether they were traditionally extracted into alcohol, water, or other solvents.
- Amanita Muscaria
This mushroom could very well be human's oldest hallucinogen, as it has been identified as Soma of ancient India.
- Anadenanthera - Yopo, Cebil, Villca
YOPO or PARICA (Anadenanthera peregrina or Piptadenia peregrina) is a South American tree of the bean family, Leguminosae. A potent hallucinogenic snuff is prepared from the seeds of this tree.
- Argyreia nervosa - Hawaiian Baby Woodrose
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose seeds are perhaps one of the least understood of modern-day entheogens and exotic botanicals. There is much controversy in regards to its true place in Shamanic and traditional history outside of its native culture and home; India.
- Argyreia nervosa - Hawaiian Baby Woodrose
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose seeds are perhaps one of the least understood of modern-day entheogens and exotic botanicals. There is much controversy in regards to its true place in Shamanic and traditional history outside of its native culture and home; India.
- Banisteriopsis caapi - Ayahuasca
Used in the western half of the Amazon Valley and by isolated tribes on the Pacific slopes of the Columbian and Ecuadorian Andes.
- Brugmansia aurea - Golden Angel's Trumpet
Golden Angel’s Trumpet is native to the highland areas around the Andes mountain range in South America. It is very well known throughout southern Columbia, Ecuador and Peru. It has also been transplanted throughout Mexico and Central America, and it is f
- Brugmansia sanguinea - Blood-Red Angel's Trumpet
Bloodred Angel’s Trumpet is native to the midland and lowland areas around the Andes mountain range in South America. It grows wildly throughout Bolivia, Chile, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. It has also been found growing at sea level in Chile. The plant’s
- Brunfelsia grandiflora - Brunfelsia
Brunfelsia Grandiflora is a tree-like shrub indigenous to the tropical regions of South America, ranging from Venezuela to Bolivia and it is especially abundant in Brazil and on the Caribbean Islands.The plant’s psychoactive compounds are found in the lea
- Caesalpinia sepiaria - Yun Shih
This plant was reputedly used in China as hallucinogen, this is nearly all we know about this plant.
- Calea zacatechichi - Dream Herb
Calea zacatechichi is a plant used by the Chontal Indians of Mexico to obtain divinatory messages during dreaming.
- Cannabis sativa - Marijuana
The original home of Cannabis is thought to be central Asia, but it has spread around the globe with the exception of Arctic regions and areas of wet tropical forests.
- Areca catechu - Betel Nut
Betel nuts have been used as a drug for thousands of years. The practiced is thought to have started in south-east Asia and there is archaeological evidence to support this view.
- Claviceps purpurea - Ergot Alkaloid
Ergot: A Fungus Disease Of Rye That Contains LSD
- Conocybe siligineoides - Conocybe
Conocybe Siligineoides is a sacred fungus endemic only to Mexico.
- Coleus blumei - Painted Nettle
COLEUS (Coleus pumas and C. blumei) is cultivated by the Mazatecs of Oaxaca, Mexico, who reputedly employ the leaves in the some way as they use the leaves of Salvia divinorum
- To Save the Forest, the Trees Must Go
In the name of science, the United States Forest Service has proposed the experimental logging of half a million acres in two forests in the Sierra Nevada...
- Site Offers Home Delivery of Marijuana
Canadian activists for the medicinal use of marijuana celebrated a court victory on Thursday by launching an Internet site offering home delivery of cannabis for seriously ill people.
- City Tries to Prohibit Substance
Though it's legal for anyone to buy and sell Salvia Divinorum – an organic substance St. Peters police are referring to as "chewable marijuana" – police, along with at least one store in the city, are trying to keep it out of the hands of minors.
- Father Fights for Drug Use in Religion
A member of an American Indian tribe wants to be able to give peyote to his 4-year-old son during spiritual ceremonies.
- St. Peters police and mayor want to restrict sales of herb
St. Peters is poised to limit the sale of an herb that has been reported by a Web site to have LSD-like effects, and in so doing could become the first city in the nation to restrict the substance.
- Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Deaths on Rise Worldwide
A new study shows that premature deaths from tobacco, alcohol, and other illegal drugs are rising worldwide, Reuters reported February 25th, 2003.
- Medical Marijuana Loses Again
A federal judge has refused to block the U.S. government from potentially prosecuting two pot-smoking women whose doctors say marijuana is their only medical solace.
- Get Ready for PATRIOT ACT II
The "fog of war" obscures more than just news from the battlefield. It also provides cover for radical domestic legislation, especially ill-considered liberty-for-security swaps, which have been historically popular at the onset of major conflicts.
- Get Ready for PATRIOT ACT II
The "fog of war" obscures more than just news from the battlefield. It also provides cover for radical domestic legislation, especially ill-considered liberty-for-security swaps, which have been historically popular at the onset of major conflicts.
- Ninth Circuit Court Blocks DEA Hemp Rule
The Court granted the hemp industry's Motion to Stay the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration's (DEA's) "Final Rule," which was issued March 21, 2003 and would have banned the sale of nutritious hemp foods containing harmless trace amounts of naturally-oc
- Help Keep the Heat on Drug Czar!
Last Thursday, June 5, the Marijuana Policy Project, working in conjunction with the Drug Policy Alliance, scored a remarkable victory in Congress when the House Government Reform Committee placed strong (and new) restrictions on the use of the National Y
- Drug's Roots are in Spiritual Ceremonies
In the case of salvia divinorum, the plant has been used for hundreds of years in specific ceremonies and for explicit reasons. It has, like the blends used in First Nations ceremonial pipes or sweat lodges, long been used with knowledge and reverence. In
- America Destroying Coca Cultures
There has been rioting in Bolivia for nearly four weeks now. News reports say that the riots have been over the construction of a pipeline to ship natural gas to the United States. That's true, but there's a deeper anger at work: anger toward the United S
- America Destroying Coca Cultures
There has been rioting in Bolivia for nearly four weeks now. News reports say that the riots have been over the construction of a pipeline to ship natural gas to the United States. That's true, but there's a deeper anger at work: anger toward the United S
- Marijuana Causes AND Prevents Pregnancy!
In the latest round of contradictions, in addition to causeing the destruction of our rainforests and the rest of the planet, the ONDCP now says that marijuana use both prevents AND causes teen pregnancy simultaneously! - WOW!
- Marijuana Causes AND Prevents Pregnancy!
In the latest round of contradictions, in addition to causeing the destruction of our rainforests and the rest of the planet, the ONDCP now says that marijuana use both prevents AND causes teen pregnancy simultaneously! - WOW!
- Headshrinking the American
Government-funded researchers and private companies are working on a new breed of pharmaceuticals designed to police your blood, identify illegal drugs, and block them from entering your brain. The CCLE is concerned that some courts may require use of the
- Patriot Act II Partially Signed Into Law
On December 13, when U.S. forces captured Saddam Hussein, President George W. Bush not only celebrated with his national security team, but also pulled out his pen and signed into law a bill that grants the FBI sweeping new powers.
- COURT ALLOWS MEDICINAL USE OF MARIJUANA
The Bush administration had asked the court, for the Ninth Circuit, to hold a new hearing on that ruling, issued by a three-judge panel in December on a lawsuit filed by two women with chronic illnesses. But in an order issued Wednesday and made public on
- UDV Wins Ayahuasca Case
At 1:44 pm Eastern Standard Time today, December 10th 2004, the entire Supreme Court of The United States convened and determined to deny the Department of Justice’s request for that Court’s further intervention in the UDV’s legal case.
- UDV Wins Ayahuasca Case
At 1:44 pm Eastern Standard Time today, December 10th 2004, the entire Supreme Court of The United States convened and determined to deny the Department of Justice’s request for that Court’s further intervention in the UDV’s legal case.
- The Supremes Debate Medical Marijuana
It's California pot patients' second effort to break the legal yoke that the federal Controlled Substances Act holds around state laws that let sick people use cannabis if they have a valid recommendation for it from their doctor. In the first case, U.S.
- The Supremes Debate Medical Marijuana
It's California pot patients' second effort to break the legal yoke that the federal Controlled Substances Act holds around state laws that let sick people use cannabis if they have a valid recommendation for it from their doctor. In the first case, U.S.
- No More Drug War! - HR 1528
We're in the fight of our lives in Washington, DC. High-ranking members of Congress want to take the war on drugs to a whole new level.
- Liberal Bible-Thumping
Even aside from his arguments that Jesus and Mary Magdalene were married and that St. Paul was a self-hating gay, the new book by a former Episcopal bishop of Newark is explosive.
- Liberal Bible-Thumping
Even aside from his arguments that Jesus and Mary Magdalene were married and that St. Paul was a self-hating gay, the new book by a former Episcopal bishop of Newark is explosive.
- Liberation?: Afghanistan’s 2nd Largest Heroin Crop Ever
The department's annual drug-trafficking report, released in March, warned that Afghanistan was "on the verge of becoming a narcotics state." This year's heroin crop will likely be the 2nd largest ever in Afganistan's history, notedly HIGHER than when th
- Liberation?: Afghanistan’s 2nd Largest Heroin Crop Ever
The department's annual drug-trafficking report, released in March, warned that Afghanistan was "on the verge of becoming a narcotics state." This year's heroin crop will likely be the 2nd largest ever in Afganistan's history, notedly HIGHER than when th
- LOUISIANA CRIMINALIZES MANY BOTANICALS
The penalty for possession is imprisonment with or without hard labor for not more than 5 years and, in addition, a possible fine of up to $5,000. The penalty for manufacture or distribution is imprisonment with or without hard labor for not less than 2 y
- LOUISIANA CRIMINALIZES MANY BOTANICALS
The penalty for possession is imprisonment with or without hard labor for not more than 5 years and, in addition, a possible fine of up to $5,000. The penalty for manufacture or distribution is imprisonment with or without hard labor for not less than 2 y
- Backlash from FDA's Bogus Marijuana Report
The FDA’s claim, of course, is patently false. Numerous credible scientific studies document marijuana’s medical benefits, most notably a 1999 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report commissioned by the White House drug czar’s office.
- WHICH SIDE IS WINNING WAR ON DRUGS?
In one survey, more than 70 percent of American cancer specialists said they would prescribe marijuana if it was legal. A poll of the British Medical Association yielded similar results.
- WHICH SIDE IS WINNING WAR ON DRUGS?
In one survey, more than 70 percent of American cancer specialists said they would prescribe marijuana if it was legal. A poll of the British Medical Association yielded similar results.
- Federal Court Blocks Marijuana Initiative in Nevada
A decision by Nevada's elections officials illegally disqualified thousands of signatures from people who filled out voter registration forms on the same day they signed petitions.
- Older Americans Have Stake in Medical Marijuana Struggle
72% of Americans age 45 and over think marijuana should be legal for medicinal purposes with a doctor's recommendation, according to a poll commissioned by AARP, the nation's leading organization advocating on behalf of older people.
- House Approves Stem Cell Bill Opposed by Bush
The House passed a bill on Tuesday to expand federal financing for embryonic stem cell research, defying a veto threat from President Bush, who appeared at the White House with babies and toddlers born of test-tube embryos and warned the measure "would ta
- Alaska Re-Criminalizes Marijuana
The new law, which makes it a crime to possess any amount of marijuana in the privacy of one’s home, directly contradicts a September 2004 Alaska Supreme Court ruling allowing adults aged 21 and older to use and possess up to four ounces of marijuana in t
- Senior PC World Editor Killed for Pot
Four masked men burst into the Pittsburg home of Rex Farrance, 59, about 9 p.m. Tuesday, fatally shooting him and pistol-whipping his wife after demanding money, police said. No arrests have been made.
- U.S. Renews Bid to Destroy Opium in Afghanistan
After the biggest opium harvest in Afghanistan’s history, American officials have renewed efforts to persuade the government here to begin spraying herbicide on opium poppies, and they have found some supporters within President Hamid Karzai’s administrat
- More Illegal Federal Harassment
On Tuesday, agents of the Pecos Valley Drug Taskforce in conjunction with the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration searched the home of a registered medical marijuana patient who has lost the use of his legs and suffers chronic pain and muscle spasms due
- Pot Dispensaries Closing Under Threat of Feds
The DEA puts pressure on building landlords of Medical Marijuana facilities in a maneuver to shut down legal clinics.
- States Must Tackle Medical-Marijuana Issue
Workplace Safety is made key issue in Northwest States' Medical Marijuana Initiatives
- Ira Glasser Remembers William F. Buckley, Jr.
William F. Buckley, Jr., conservative intellectual--and supporter of drug policy reform--passed away February 27, 2008. He is remembered by Ira Glasser, president of DPA's board and former executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union.
- The Shroom Tragedy
Magic mushrooms are on the verge of being outlawed by the Dutch government for the usual sensationalized reasons as everywhere else.
- The Shroom Tragedy
Magic mushrooms are on the verge of being outlawed by the Dutch government for the usual sensationalized reasons as everywhere else.
- Blood is Thicker Than Friends
Fiji's interim Prime Minister Commodore Voreqe Bainimarama describes his experience with a Vanuatu kava session.
- Incense May Relieve Depression and Anxiety Naturally
Researchers find psychoactive link between burning frankincense incense and relieving symptoms of anxiety and depression.
- Brazil Appeals Court Rules Drug Possession Not a Crime
At the end of March, a Brazilian appeals court in São Paulo declared that possession of drugs for personal use is not a criminal offense. Several lower courts had previously ruled in the same way, but the ruling from the São Paulo Justice Court's 6th Crim
- Will Harvard Drop Acid Again?
Dr. John Halpern of Harvard University conducts research through human clinical trials into the medicinal value and applications of LSD and psilocybin. Joining forces with Halpern is Rick Doblin, founder of the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedeli
- Low-Dose Psilocybin Brings Relief To Cluster-Headache Sufferers
Anecdotal evidence and comprehensive, scientific case studies point to successful treatment of cluster headaches with psilocybin mushrooms.
- What Herbs May Help People With Anxiety
Dr. Michael W. Kahn, Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, and Director of Ambulatory Psychiatry at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, discusses alternative herbal therapies for treating anxiety.
- How the Internet Fuels the Global Psychedelic Community
This year and the next, the United Nations will evaluate the War on Drugs. Since its official start in 1998 we have been bombed with official statistics on drug use, drug addiction, drug trafficking, street prices, courtcases and all the like. But what do
- US Leads World in Substance Abuse, WHO Finds
The United States leads the world in rates of experimenting with marijuana and cocaine despite strict drug laws, World Health Organization researchers said on Tuesday. Countries with looser drug laws have lower rates of abuse, the researchers report in t
- Absinthe - Green Fairy - Wormwood
Now that the ban on absinthe has been lifted in the United States, as well as around the rest of the world, all of us now are able to enjoy The Green Fairy again in all her psychoactive and sometimes psychedelic glory that inspired many great artists.
- Turbina corymbosa - Ololiuqui
Ololiuqui is the Aztec name for the seeds of certain convolvulaceous plants which have been used since prehispanic times by the Aztecs and related tribes, just as the sacred mushrooms and the cactus peyote have been used in their religious ceremonies for
- The Land of the Lotus Smokers
Metaphor and drug use from Homer's the Illiad and he Odyssey, and modern day use of the lotus flower in extracts and herbal blends.
- Theobroma cacao
Cacao truly is a "Food of the Gods", especially now that it's been clinically-proven to be extraordinaily good for our bodies. Yes, chocolate is indeed derived from cacao and has extraordinary nutritional properties, as well as psychoactive and aphrodisi
- Might the Gods be Alkaloids?
The question related in the title of our presentation addresses the role and use of psychoactive plants, throughout the process of human evolution, as inducers of altered states of consciousness.
- Marc Emery, Canada's Prince of Pot
In November 2002, Cannabis Culture publisher Marc Emery completed his second run for Mayor of Vancouver, Canada's West Coast cannabis capital. The renowned pot seed merchant placed fifth on the crowded ballot, participating in all major debates and campai
- Who Will Be Obama’s Pick For ‘Drug Czar’?
by Allen St. Pierre, NORML Executive Director.
- Healing and Regenerative Effects of Ayahuasca
One writer's personal journey into healing and self-awareness at Camp Ayahuasca.
- Russia Bans Blue Lotus Smoking Blends
Light drugs are still available in free sale in Russia despite the official decree issued by Surgeon General Gennady Onischenko. One can purchase a blend of dry herbs in specialized shops. Dope sellers assure their customers that their products are absolu
- Russia Bans Blue Lotus Smoking Blends
Light drugs are still available in free sale in Russia despite the official decree issued by Surgeon General Gennady Onischenko. One can purchase a blend of dry herbs in specialized shops. Dope sellers assure their customers that their products are absolu
- Ancient Psychoactive Incense and Preparations
Psychoactive incense has been known about and used for thousands of years; Over time and after many trials mankind has discovered that a potent hallucinogenic incense could be made by combining several different plants, resins, bark and roots.Although the
- Ancient Psychoactive Incense and Preparations
Psychoactive incense has been known about and used for thousands of years; Over time and after many trials mankind has discovered that a potent hallucinogenic incense could be made by combining several different plants, resins, bark and roots.Although the
- Empathogenic Effects of Sceletium tortuosum
As far as being a potentiator of cannabis, there is no doubt that sceletium has this effect. Much more was gotten from much less when sceletium was added. Overall, it is my opinion that the pleasant effects of this substance, when used in moderation far o
- History of Sceletium tortuosum (Kanna)
Other reports confirm that kougoed induces feelings of euphoria and deep meditative tranquility. Subjects report that the relaxation induced by kougoed enables one to focus on inner thoughts and feelings, and enables one to intensely concentrate on the be
- The God Chemical: Brain Chemistry And Mysticism
Barbara Bradley Hagerty discusses the latest in brain research and the use of entheogens to induce spiritual states of mind in the laboratory. Topics covered include: Peyote ceremonies, lessons learned from scientific studies of LSD's effect on the brain,
- Marijuana Kills Brain Cancer Cells
The study showed, conclusively, that THC (the active alkaloid in Cannabis) caused brain cancer cells to undergo a process called autophagy. This process causes cells to feed upon themselves, thereby destroying them, and not only did researchers witness t
- Melissa officinalis - Lemon Balm
Lemon Balm has long been known for its aromatic qualities and its culinary uses. The Greeks used Lemon Balm to treat insomnia, to calm nerves and alleviate anxiety. It was used as an ingredient in Mediterranean dishes, as a garnish, as an additive to flav
- Ethnopharmacology of Ska María Pastora
S. divinorum is one of several vision-inducing plants employed by the Mazatec Indians, one of the native peoples living in the mountains and upland valleys of northeastern Oaxaca. Unlike other Mexican tribes, there is little information concerning their e
- Spiritual Effects Of Psilocybin In Sacred Mushrooms
In a follow-up to research showing that psilocybin, a substance contained in "sacred mushrooms," produces substantial spiritual effects, a Johns Hopkins team reports that those effects appear to last more than a year. Writing in the Journal of Psychopharm
- Oldest Christian Bible - Let Translations Begin!
The early work known as the Codex Sinaiticus has been housed in four separate locations across the world for more than 150 years. Starting Monday, it became available for perusal on the Web. Scot McKendrick, head of Western manuscripts at the British Libr
- Salvia on Schedule: Detriment to Research
Scientific American explains how the scheduling the mind-altering herb as a controlled substance could slow medical research. This is not news, but the fact that Scientific American published this article is.
- Entada rheedii - African Dream Herb
This liana vine is well known for its enormously large seeds and has been used, by African tribal healers, for centuries to commune with the spirit world through their dreams. The medicine men believe that by consuming the seeds of this magical plant they
- Celastrus Paniculatus - Celastrus Seeds
For thousands of years, Ayurveda medicine men have used the Celastrus seeds for their potent medicinal properties. It was used for many different ailments, but most notably it was administered as a powerful brain tonic, appetite stimulant, and emetic.
- Cyperus Articulatus - Piri Piri
Guinea rush grass, or Piri Piri, is native to the Amazon basin, where native tribes have used it as a medicine for hundreds of years; but it is also known to be a potent dream herb, euphorant and sedative.
- Helichrysum Odoratissmum - Imphepho
Tribes in South Africa have used Imphepho to make smoking blends, often they mixed it with Shamanic grade tobacco to induce deep trance states and shamanic visions.
- Hemidesmus indicus - Sugandi, Sariva
This healing plant, known in ancient Ayurveda medicine as Sugandi, has been revered for its medicinal properties for nearly a thousand years. It naturally produces a wide variety of beneficial compounds known for their healing, calmative and dream inducin
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Ancient drug stirs modern interest / Salvia divinorum not for recreation
"Excellent psychedelic herb, as used in ancient Mexico for meditation and healing. $33 per ounce. Comes with classic double CD of suitable songs...."
The online ad is from the U.K., the dollar figure is U.S., and the herb being hawked comes straight from the highlands of northeastern Mexico.
For hundreds of years, salvia divinorum, also known as diviner's sage and magic mint, has been part of the culture of the ancient peoples of the Sierra Mazateca. In a manner similar to peyote, it has been used by local indigenous peoples to induce an altered state for spiritual or meditative purposes.
Unlike peyote, this member of the sage family is legal everywhere but in Australia. That, coupled with Internet hype, has created buzz about salvia— one that rarely survives one experience.
"People who are interested in using drugs for escapist purposes are defeated if they attempt to use salvia in that way," says Daniel Siebert, an ethnobotanist in California who has researched and written widely on the herb, which he also sells online. "It puts you in a very introspective state."
In fact, Siebert says, "Most people don't seem to really like the effects." The vast majority of the thrill-seekers (and even the folks who take this very seriously), rarely purchase the substance again.
"I'd say about 8 per cent re- order."
But first-time users are another story. Elke Hinson, a clerk at a store in Toronto's Kensington Market, Roach-O-Rama, that specializes in all manner of herb-smoking paraphernalia, says he gets inquiries about salvia two or three times a week.
For $120, the store sells two grams of "10X" — a concentrated form of the leaves that claims to be 10 times more powerful than the plant is in its natural state. Two grams of "10X" goes for $40. The experience it can produce is not subtle.
"The first time I tried it, I was almost completely incapacitated — my legs dropped out from under me," says one Roach-O-Rama customer. "Mind you, I was really drunk at the time. So that might have been part of it."
He didn't do his homework. People are advised not to mix salvia with other drugs.
Most of the Web sites — and many of the people who sell it in stores — offer tips on how to use (and warnings on how not to use) salvia divinorum. One of the first rules is: Don't go messing with this stuff if you're out to get loaded.
"It's not a social drug," says Hinson. "If it's your first time, don't do crazy amounts. And have someone there who's like a sober, designated-driver type person."
This concept of a "sober sitter," a trusted friend who will remain clean of all substances and watch over the person doing the salvia, arises on Web site after Web site. That's because, with some people, smoking or ingesting this herb can trigger involuntary movements, even a sleepwalking effect.
People have been known to stumble around blindly, knock things over, even walk into walls. The effects of salvia can hit so swiftly that people drop whatever they're holding — including lighters and pipes. (It's advised that those who wish to try it do so indoors, in relative silence. Do not, it's often warned, try this outside or at a public gathering.)
Online accounts of salvia trips range from magical and mystical to downright frightening. While there are users who describe reflective and philosophical "vision quests" complete with seeing playful spirits, there are others who've spent their time lying on the floor staring at the pattern of carpet fibres. (Some even say they've briefly become the carpet.)
One of the more common sensations, especially at higher doses, seems to be a feeling of disconnect with the body. The phenomenon can range from feeling like you're dreaming and floating, right through to the horrifying perception that your physical self has died — and that your disembodied soul is being unwillingly dragged into the next dimension. Some people have come back from their brief travels (five to 20 minutes if smoked; longer if ingested) absolutely terrified.
As part of his research, Siebert has travelled to the highlands of Mexico. There, he's spoken to shamanic healers and watched them use salvia for spiritual and meditational purposes. "They spend their time chanting and praying devoutly. They use it to make contact with the beings that they're praying to."
That's one of the reasons Siebert is concerned about media coverage and Web site promotions that describe salvia as "legal pot" or compare it with cocaine or LSD. Such inaccurate comparisons tend to attract people with the wrong motivations and expectations, he says.
The active ingredient in this sage, Salvinorin A, has an effect on some of the same brain receptors that opiates hook up with. It does not, however, have the same impact as heroin or morphine — and does not appear to repress breathing.
According to the limited available medical literature, there are no reports of fatal overdoses and the herb does not appear to be addictive. The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), has yet to see someone using this material at a level where it's interfering with their lives.
Dr. David Marsh, the centre's clinical director for addiction medicine, says the vast majority of people who use hallucinogenic drugs try them a few times and stop. That does not mean using salvia is free of adverse consequences. There are risks, he says, such as potentially harming oneself while under the influence. "And anyone who is going to use a psychoactive drug should investigate those risks and make a decision about whether to use that or not from a decision of knowledge."
But is salvia "good"? Is it "bad"? "As a society, we tend to make value judgments about specific substances," Marsh says. "And those judgments affect availability. I don't think, in the end, it's useful to make value judgments. It's more useful to focus on the consequences of use."
So far, the impact of salvia use in Canada, at least on a national scale, has been minimal.
"I don't believe it's a widespread phenomenon," says Sergeant. Jocelyn Mimeault from the national RCMP headquarters in Ottawa. "Last year, the Sûreté du Québec came across three cases involving this product, involving some minors who had experimented with it."
Health Canada says it's monitoring the situation and also says it's aware that salvia does have some traditional uses.
"Should the department compile sufficient evidence that suggests Canadians are abusing the substance and that there's a health risk to Canadians, the department would take appropriate action," says spokesperson Ryan Baker.
In the U.S., the Drug Enforcement Agency has placed salvia on a list of drugs or chemicals "of concern," a status that has no legal implications. "One of the things that we're telling people about salvia is, just because something isn't illegal doesn't mean it's safe," says Tara DeGarmo, a DEA spokesperson in Virginia.
Nor, advocates say, is there any evidence the substance is unsafe. They fear a crackdown might not only deny the minority who seek this particular experience, but could also impair fledgling medical research. Researchers at the University of Mississippi are investigating whether Salvinorin-A could have applications in pain management.
"There are a lot of people doing serious investigations into the compound and derivatives of the compound to look for medically useful drugs," Siebert says.
What's more, advocates argue, informed adults should be entitled to make their own decisions. "We approach this from more of a philosophical standpoint," says Brian Del Re, president of what he calls a "mom-and-pop" online operation that sells salvia from Florida.
"We believe it's not a crime, providing you do it yourself under your own will. There's no victim if there's no crime," he says. Then he adds: "Use it with respect."
Or, better yet, do plenty of research before you make the decision whether to use it at all. |